尽管国际血栓与止血协会(International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis,ISTH)、英国血液协会(British Society for Haematology,BSH)、临床和实验室标准学会(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute,CLSI)均发布了关于LA的检测指南[10, 11, 12, 13],但部分指南建议的操作、报告步骤过于繁琐,实际应用存在困难,且不同品牌试剂制造商的检测建议也有差别。中国研究型医院学会血栓与止血专业委员会在前期调研过程中,通过向169家医学实验室征集调查问卷发现,国内实验室选用的LA检测方法、检测顺序、报告形式、检测结果判定阈值来源存在较大差异;LA试剂批号变更时,重新检测、确定正常对照值流程不规范;临床与检验人员对抗凝药物影响LA检测结果认识不足。这些问题不利于LA的结果互认和患者诊疗,需进一步形成规范。
LA检测原理是当血浆中存在LA时,其可竞争性结合磷脂从而导致依赖磷脂的凝血时间延长(筛查试验),加入过量磷脂则可纠正延长的凝固时间(确证试验),而将患者血浆与正常混合血浆(normal pooled plasma,NPP)1∶1混合不能将凝固时间纠正至正常(混合试验)。因此一个完整的LA检测常包含这3项试验。
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