Expert Group of Expert Consensus on Thyroid Function Test Management in Healthy Checkup Populationthe Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Health Management
曾强,解放军总医院第二医学中心,北京 100039,Email:ZQ301@126.com单忠艳,中国医科大学附属第一医院内分泌与代谢病科,沈阳 110001,Email:cmushanzhongyan@163.com Zeng Qiang, the Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China, Email: ZQ301@126.comShan Zhongyan, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China, Email: cmushanzhongyan@163.com
【建议3】推荐采用美国临床生化研究院(National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry,NACB)推荐的方法建立血清TSH和甲状腺激素的参考区间判定甲状腺功能是否异常,参考区间是第2.5~97.5百分位数。注意年龄、昼夜节律、妊娠等因素对血清TSH和甲状腺激素的影响。
基于人群的横断面调查发现,TSH在正常参考范围内的受检者中,96%的受试者FT4也在正常参考范围内,说明这部分受检者仅靠TSH就可准确诊断甲状腺功能正常;但也有3.8%的受检者TSH正常,但FT4超过(或低于)正常范围,即单纯性高(或低)T4血症,如果只筛查TSH将会漏诊[39]。英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(National Institute for Health and Care Excellence,NICE)指南建议,成人筛查甲状腺功能时可先只检查TSH,如果TSH高于参考范围上限再检测同一样本的FT4,如果TSH低于参考范围下限再检测同一样本的FT4和FT3[40]。研究发现,采用先查TSH,TSH异常再查FT4的策略,将节省50%的FT4检查费用,减少25%的年甲状腺功能检测费用[41]。因此,如果条件有限,可以优先选择TSH检测。
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