临床问题的遴选和确定基于工作组充分查阅、复习和总结国内外发表的有关帕金森病患者吞咽障碍的相关研究确定主题词,再根据特定的研究对象(patients)、干预措施(intervention)、对照措施(control)、结局(outcomes)原则对主要临床问题确定的中英文主题词进行系统检索。数据库包括PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据库、维普八个常用数据库。检索时间截止2023年4月15日,获取相关系统评价或Meta分析、随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial, RCT)、队列研究、病例对照研究、病例系列研究论文等,共检索到文献8200篇,去重后5018篇;由经过培训的证据评价专家根据制定的纳入和排除标准筛选文献,提取符合要求的文献并根据《Cochrane协作网系统评价手册》[8]及非随机干预性研究偏倚评估(risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions,ROBINS-I)工具[9]对纳入文献进行质量评价。所有参与本共识制订的成员均填写了利益冲突声明表,不存在与本共识撰写内容相关的利益冲突。
推荐意见12:推荐帕金森病Radboud口腔运动量表流涎部分(radboud oral motor inventory for Parkinson′s disease-saliva, ROMP-saliva)用于帕金森病患者流涎的评定(A级推荐,Ib级证据);推荐肉毒毒素注射、发音训练及EMST训练方法治疗帕金森病患者流涎(A级推荐,1a级证据)。
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