mNGS作为新型的分子检测技术,具有高通量和广覆盖的特性,能够快速且准确的检测样本中的可疑致病微生物,在疑难病例中诊断罕见病原菌具有优势[43, 44]。自2019年起,mNGS在检测Cps方面的应用逐渐增加,特别是对于那些症状不典型的鹦鹉热患者,mNGS也能够完成早期和准确的诊断,从而缩短疾病进程[44, 45, 46, 47]。BALF是mNGS检测的最佳样本,但对于支气管镜检查不耐受或拒绝支气管镜检查的患者,也可采用痰液、血液及鼻咽拭子等作为检测样本[43]。Tang等[43]提出,鉴于Cps是一种革兰阴性胞内菌,细胞外释放到血液的游离核酸数量较少,检测灵敏度和检出率相对较低,因此当Cps位于与病原体物种标准化严格比对的读数(standardized stringently mapped read number at the species level of microorganisms,SDSMRN)前20名,在其属中排名第一,且其SDSMRN>1,则认为检测到Cps。上述相关检测标准的临床适用性有待进一步验证,对于mNGS检出Cps低序列,应结合临床和其他实验检测结果综合判断。然而,mNGS检测需要专门的仪器设备,且检测费用较高,因此尚未在常规临床实验室中广泛开展。
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