ChenZhe1ZhengXizi2ZhouQingqing2LiGuohui11Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China2Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-Mediated Kidney Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100034, China
李国辉,Email:lgh0603@126.com Li Guohui, Email: lgh0603@126.com
铂类药物与细胞DNA形成加合物,使DNA合成受阻,从而发挥抗肿瘤作用。铂类均通过肾脏排泄,顺铂、卡铂、奥沙利铂和奈达铂从尿中排泄的原型药物占比分别为45%~75%、57%~82%、53.8%和40%~69%,具有高的肾脏排泄比值,肾损伤患者使用时需要进行剂量调整。根据文献[12,19,21,22,23]推荐及相关药品说明书总结的肾功能不全患者铂类药物剂量调整方案见表2。由于卡铂的暴露量与GFR之间存在明确相关性,临床实践中使用Calvert等[21]提出的基于血药浓度-时间曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)及GFR剂量调整公式(Calvert公式)计算卡铂剂量;而顺铂、奥沙利铂和奈达铂没有类似Calvert公式的严格剂量调整计算方法,不同文献推荐的剂量调整方案不同。另外,本指南推荐通过适当静脉补液降低顺铂肾毒性;补液时监测尿量,根据需要给予利尿剂(如甘露醇或呋塞米);补充镁制剂可预防顺铂引起的低镁血症和肾脏疾病。
10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20240603-00413.T002
肾功能不全患者铂类药物的剂量调整方案
Dose adjustment schemes of platinum drugs in patients with renal insufficiency
Nomogram of dose calculation for tegafur, gimeracil and oteracil potassium (S-1) based on creatinine clearance rate and body surface area in Asian population A: Males; B: Females
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